Anesthesia is used during laparoscopic laser surgery. A 1 cm incision is made through the navel, and a needle is used to inject 3–4 liters of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas into the abdominal cavity to inflate it. Then, a surgical instrument called a laparoscope is placed into the abdomen through the navel. The image in the abdomen is projected onto the monitor screen thanks to a connection between this optical system and a video camera system. This allows the laparoscope to be pointed at any part of the abdomen and the resulting image to be seen on the monitor. Two 0.5 cm holes are then made in the groin regions. The instruments needed for the procedure are inserted through these holes. In contrast to standard laparoscopic procedures, a laser system is attached to the laparoscope's tip during laparoscopic laser surgery in addition to the camera. As a result, there are two channels—one optical and the other for the laser beams—within the laparoscope. The abdominal organs can be operated on by cutting, burning, or halting bleeding using the surgeon's controlled laser energy.
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